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Ingane ilala ngaphansi kuka-ainethi lomiyane.Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, amanethi eselashwa nge-clofenapyr ehlise izinga lokudlalelwa kukamalaleveva ngo-43% ngonyaka wokuqala kanye nama-37% onyakeni wesibili uma kuqhathaniswa namanethi ajwayelekile e-pyrethroid-only.Izithombe |Amadokhumenti
Uhlobo olusha lwenethi elikwazi ukunqanda omiyane olumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane ezivamile luye lwanciphisa kakhulu izifo zikamalaleveva eTanzania, kusho ososayensi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namanethi ajwayelekile e-pyrethroid-only, amanetha anciphisa kakhulu ukusabalala kamalaleveva, anciphisa izinga lokutheleleka kwezingane cishe ngesigamu futhi anciphisa iziqephu zomtholampilo zalesi sifo ngamaphesenti angu-44 phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuhlolwa kwaso.
Ngokungafani nezibulala-zinambuzane ezibulala omiyane, amanetha amasha enza omiyane bangakwazi ukuzondla, ukunyakaza noma ukuluma, ababulale ngendlala, ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngoMashi kuThe Lancet.
Kulolu cwaningo olubandakanya amakhaya angaphezu kuka-39,000 kanye nezingane ezingaphezu kuka-4,500 eTanzania, kutholakale ukuthi amanetha abulala izinambuzane ahlala isikhathi eside afakwe izibulala-zinambuzane ezimbili, i-chlorfenapyr ne-chlorfenapyr LLIN, ukunciphisa izinga likamalaleveva kwehle ngo-43% uma kuqhathaniswa namanethi ajwayelekile e-pyrethroid-only. , kanye nokwehliswa kwesibili ngo-37%.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-clofenapyr iphinde yehlisa isibalo somiyane abanomalaleveva ababanjwe ngamaphesenti angama-85.
Ngokusho kososayensi, i-clofenapyr yenza ngokuhlukile kune-pyrethroids ngokubangela ama-spasms emisipha ye-pterygoid, evimbela ukusebenza kwemisipha yendiza.Lokhu kuvimbela omiyane ukuthi bahlangane noma balume abaphethe, okungagcina kuholele ekufeni kwabo.
UDkt. Manisha Kulkarni, isekela likaprofesa e-University of Ottawa's School of Epidemiology, wathi: “Umsebenzi wethu wokwengeza i-clofenac emanethini avamile e-pyrethroid unamandla amakhulu okulawula umalaleveva osakazwa omiyane abangazweli emishanguzweni e-Afrika 'ngokucofa' omiyane.“Impilo Yomphakathi.
Ngokuphambene, amanethi emibhede alashwe nge-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-pyrethroids anciphise izifo zikamalaleveva ngo-27% phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-12 zokuqala zocwaningo, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka emibili ngokusetshenziswa kwamanethi ajwayelekile.
Inetha lesithathu eliphathwe nge-pyrethroid ne-pyriproxyfen (omiyane besifazane abane-neutered) libe nomphumela omncane owengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa namanethi ajwayelekile e-pyrethroid.Isizathu asicacile ngokuphelele, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokunganele kwe-pyriproxyfen esele ku-inthanethi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
“Nakuba kubiza kakhulu, izindleko eziphakeme ze-clofenazim LLIN zixazululwa ngokonga ekunciphiseni inani leziguli zikamalaleveva ezidinga ukwelashwa.Ngakho-ke, amakhaya kanye nemiphakathi esabalalisa amanetha e-clofenazim maningi amathuba okuba Izindleko ziphelele zilindeleke ukuba zibe phansi,” kusho ithimba lososayensi, elithemba ukuthi i-World Health Organization kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula umalaleveva zizosebenzisa amanetha amasha ezindaweni ezinezibulala-zinambuzane. omiyane.
Okutholwe yi-National Institute of Medicine, i-Kilimanjaro Christian University College of Medicine, iLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) kanye neNyuvesi yase-Ottawa kuyizindaba ezamukelekayo ezwenikazi lapho amanetha emibhede ajwayelekile ehluleka ukuvikela abantu kuma-parasite.
Amanethi afakwe izibulala-zinambuzane asize ukuvimbela i-68% yezigameko zikamalaleveva e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara phakathi kuka-2000 no-2015. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, nokho, ukwehla kwamazinga kamalaleveva kumile noma kwaze kwahlehla kwamanye amazwe.
Bangu-627,000 abantu ababulawa umalaleveva ngo-2020, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu-409,000 ngo-2019, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika nasezinganeni.
“Le miphumela ethokozisayo ikhombisa ukuthi sinelinye ithuluzi elisebenzayo lokusiza ekulawuleni umalaleveva,” kusho umbhali ophambili walolu cwaningo, uDkt Jacklin Mosha weTanzania National Institute of Medical Research.
"Inethi eligxiliwe lomiyane abangandizi, abangalumi," elimakethwa njenge-"Interceptor® G2," lingaholela enzuzweni enkulu yokulawula umalaleveva e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, ithimba lathi.
Kodwa-ke, bathi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhushulwa nokuphakamisa amasu okuphatha ukumelana adingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle esikhathini eside.
“Kudingeka ukuqapha,” kuxwayisa omunye umbhali uNatacha Protopopoff.” Ukwandiswa okukhulu kwe-LLIN evamile ye-pyrethroid eminyakeni engu-10 kuya kwengu-20 edlule kwaholela ekusakazekeni okusheshayo kokumelana ne-pyrethroid.Inselelo manje iwukugcina ukusebenza kahle kwe-clofenazepam ngokwakha amasu okulawula ukumelana nokumelana.”
Lesi sivivinyo sokuqala kwezimbalwa ngamanethi omiyane e-clofenapyr.Ezinye zise-Benin, Ghana, Burkina Faso nase-Côte d'Ivoire.
Izifunda ezomile nezisagwadule yizona ezithinteke kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ezweni kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-70.